General Information

  • ID:  hor006603
  • Uniprot ID:  Q9XS63
  • Protein name:  Pancreastatin
  • Gene name:  CHGA
  • Organism:  Equus caballus (Horse)
  • Family:  Chromogranin/secretogranin protein family
  • Source:  animal
  • Expression:  Highly expressed in adrenal medulla and pituitary gland. Weaker expression detected in cerebrum, cerebellum, spinal cord, liver, thyroid gland, striated muscle, lung, spleen, kidney, parotid gland, and sublingual gland.
  • Disease:  NA
  • Comments:  NA
  • Taxonomy:   Equus (genus), Equidae (family), Perissodactyla (order), Laurasiatheria (superorder), Boreoeutheria , Eutheria , Theria , Mammalia (class), Amniota , Tetrapoda , Dipnotetrapodomorpha , Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi , Teleostomi , Gnathostomata , Vertebrata , Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia , Bilateria , Eumetazoa , Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta , Eukaryota (superkingdom),cellular organisms
  • GO MF:  NA
  • GO BP:  GO:0002551 mast cell chemotaxis; GO:0033604 negative regulation of catecholamine secretion; GO:0042742 defense response to bacterium; GO:0043303 mast cell degranulation; GO:0045576 mast cell activation; GO:0046676 negative regulation of insulin secretion; GO:0050829 defense response to Gram-negative bacterium; GO:0050830 defense response to Gram-positive bacterium; GO:0050886 endocrine process; GO:0086030 adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in cardiac muscle relaxation; GO:2000707 positive regulation of dense core granule biogenesis
  • GO CC:  GO:0005576 extracellular region; GO:0005615 extracellular space; GO:0030133 transport vesicle; GO:0030141 secretory granule; GO:0031410 cytoplasmic vesicle; GO:0042583 chromaffin granule; GO:0098992 neuronal dense core vesicle

Sequence Information

  • Sequence:  SEALVVDGARKTGAEEAQPPEGQGEREHSRQEEEEEEETAGASRGLFRG
  • Length:  49
  • Propeptide:  MRSAVVLALLLCAGQVIALPVNSPMDTGDTEVMKCIVEVISDTLSKPSPVPVSQECFETLRGDERILSILRHQNLLKELQDLALQGAKERAPQQKHSRLEDELAEVLEKQNHQAELKEVTEEALSEDAAEARGDSKEVEENGEDADGARPQAALEPEQESRVEDAQAPGEEKEAINTHSPTRLPSQKHPDPQAEGDSDSPSQGLVDREKGLGAERGQQAKREEEEDEAGEKADAEEEGPTAAFNPHPSLSYKIRKGESWSEALVVDGARKTGAEEAQPPEGQGEREHSRQEEEEEEETAGASRGLFRGGKSRELEQEKEQERLSKEWEDAKRWSKMDQLAKELTAEKRLEGEDEEEDDPDRSMKLSFRARAYGFRGPGLQLRRGWRPSSREDSIEAGLPPPVRGYPEEKKEEEGSANRRPEDQELESLSAIEAELEKVAHQLQALRRG
  • Signal peptide:  MRSAVVLALLLCAGQVIA
  • Modification:  T29 Phosphoserine;T49 Glycine amide
  • Glycosylation:  NA
  • Mutagenesis:  NA

Activity

  • Function:  [Pancreastatin]: Strongly inhibits glucose induced insulin release from the pancreas.; [Catestatin]: Inhibits catecholamine release from chromaffin cells and noradrenergic neurons by acting as a non-competitive nicotinic cholinergic antagonist. Can induce mast cell migration, degranulation and production of cytokines and chemokines.
  • Mechanism:  Binds calcium with a low-affinity.
  • Cross BBB:  NA
  • Target:  NA
  • Target Unid:  NA
  • IC50: NA
  • EC50: NA
  • ED50: NA
  • kd: NA
  • Half life: NA

Structure

  • Disulfide bond:  NA
  • Structure ID:  AF-Q9XS63-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

  • Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)
    •    hor006603_AF2.pdbhor006603_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass: 615385 Formula: C216H344N70O86
Absent amino acids: CIMNWY Common amino acids: E
pI: 4.11 Basic residues: 7
Polar residues: 12 Hydrophobic residues: 11
Hydrophobicity: -141.43 Boman Index: -17568
Half-Life: 1.9 hour Half-Life Yeast: >20 hour
Half-Life E.Coli: >10 hour Aliphatic Index 40
Instability Index: 7088.78 Extinction Coefficient cystines: 0
Absorbance 280nm: 0

Literature

  • PubMed ID:  11039590
  • Title:  Molecular cloning of equine chromogranin A and its expression in endocrine and exocrine tissues.